{"id":20179,"date":"2015-05-05T14:30:11","date_gmt":"2015-05-05T04:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=20179"},"modified":"2015-05-05T13:51:38","modified_gmt":"2015-05-05T03:51:38","slug":"the-sons-and-daughters-of-anzac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/the-sons-and-daughters-of-anzac\/","title":{"rendered":"The \u2018sons\u2014and daughters\u2014of ANZAC\u2019?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/20090510adf8185016_0016.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20189\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/20090510adf8185016_0016.jpg\" alt=\"1st Mentoring and Reconstruction Task Force mothers (left to right) Sergeant Donna Bourke, Warrant Officer Class Two Cassandra Jones, Corporal Nicole Spohn and Corporal Ivona Bartusch share photos of their kids as they celebrate Mothers Day in Tarin Kowt, Afghanistan.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/20090510adf8185016_0016.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/20090510adf8185016_0016-205x134.jpg 205w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>When Prime Minister Tony Abbott opened the Australian memorial at New Zealand&#8217;s Pukeahu National War Memorial Park, he declared that New Zealand defence force personnel deploying to Iraq would be <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nzherald.co.nz\/nz\/news\/article.cfm?c_id=1&amp;objectid=11435429\" target=\"_blank\">\u2018splendid sons of ANZAC\u2019<\/a>. In doing so, he marginalised the good efforts made on both sides of the Tasman to advance the role of women in the military.<\/p>\n<p>Consider the message of gender equality championed by his Chief of Army, Lieutenant General David Morrison, for instance. Morrison has labelled <a href=\"http:\/\/www.army.gov.au\/~\/media\/Files\/Speeches\/CA_EndSexualViolenceinConflict_13JUN2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">gender inequality<\/a> in militaries a \u2018global disgrace\u2019 and stated at the 2014 Global Summit to End Sexual Violence that armies that \u2018value the male over the female&#8230;do nothing to distinguish the soldier from the brute.\u2019 Strong language, certainly, but this is a strong message\u2014and language matters.<\/p>\n<p>Abbott\u2019s actions are reflective of habits that, intended or otherwise, deny recognition to Australia\u2019s and New Zealand\u2019s serving female personnel, and they symbolise the ongoing challenges in gender equality.<\/p>\n<p>Gender inequality and marginalisation remain significant problems in world affairs. Today, the New Zealand chapter of the Women in International Security (WIIS) organisation is hosting a <a href=\"https:\/\/womenininternationalsecuritynz.wordpress.com\/2015\/04\/23\/public-consultation-new-zealand-national-action-plan-on-women-peace-and-security-2015-2019\/\" target=\"_blank\">public discussion<\/a> about the draft National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security. United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000) was the first resolution to focus exclusively on women in armed conflict and called on all UN member states to develop a National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security. But the event also relates to the more general recognition about gender issues remaining outstanding in addressing conflict resolution, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.opendemocracy.net\/beyondslavery\/benedetta-rossi\/everyday-gender-inequalities-that-underpin-wartime-atrocities\" target=\"_blank\">wartime atrocities<\/a> and post conflict recovery.<\/p>\n<p>The liberal feminist desire to see women in combat is to some degree being addressed, but many other feminist viewpoints such as those that stress concerns about militarisation remain ignored. To have such outdated slogans repeated publicly, in a word, is offensive, and it\u2019s incorrect.<\/p>\n<p>Female NZDF personnel <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nbr.co.nz\/article\/public-doesn%E2%80%99t-need-know-when-our-soldiers-will-head-iraq-nzdf-chief-171611\" target=\"_blank\">are deploying<\/a> as part of the Building Partner Capacity training mission. The Chief of Defence Force, Lieutenant General Tim Keating has stated that, notwithstanding cultural sensitivities, \u2018there&#8217;s going to be a mixed element to all the roles that people are undertaking up there.\u2019 While the BPC training mission is not a combat mission, it is often forgotten that New Zealand was one of the \ufb01rst countries to allow women in combat roles. The Air Force opened combat roles up to women in 1988 and women have been able to participate in all areas, including combat roles, of the New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) since 2000. Eight years ago, the <em>Human Rights (Women in Armed Forces) Amendment Act 2007<\/em> acknowledged decades of precedent and formally legislated in favour of women\u2019s full participation in front line combat roles. Notwithstanding the cultural argument, it is also arguable that the BPC is an opportunity to advance gender equality and achieve greater effectiveness.<\/p>\n<p>So it\u2019s an insult to not have NZDF\u2019s female personnel (and the ADF\u2019s) represented as a part of national identity and to continue to narrowly define the modern warrior and service to the nation in masculinist terms. The ANZACs were exclusively young men for indisputable historical reasons. As a result, the majority of war dead were males and their sacrifice has been fittingly honoured this centennial anniversary. Importantly, the service of women in World War I and subsequent wars have received tribute from the women of the New Zealand Army Nursing Service\u2014ten of whom died when the <em>Marquette<\/em> was torpedoed in late 1915 by the German U-35 submarine\u2014to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/national\/nz-loses-first-woman-soldier-since-vietnam-20120820-24io7.html\" target=\"_blank\">Lance Corporal Jacinda Baker<\/a>, killed by an IED in Afghanistan in 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Yet, as the \u2018sons of ANZACs\u2019 comment reveals, some are still a long way from viewing the modern warrior as a soldier of either gender despite the substantial inroads made by military forces themselves (for example, the NZDF is globally ranked <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nzherald.co.nz\/nz\/news\/article.cfm?c_id=1&amp;objectid=11207303\" target=\"_blank\">number one<\/a> in terms of the integration of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender service members). But what Abbott\u2019s comment\u2014albeit unintentionally\u2014does give us is the opportunity to revisit and reassert women\u2019s roles in the military This is a particularly important task given the military desire for \u2018credible operational command\u2019 as a precursor to senior leadership roles. Abbott\u2019s comments show how difficult it is for women attempting to break through the \u2018brass ceiling\u2019 to be promoted through to the highest ranks to attain, maintain and extend their own credibility.<\/p>\n<p>Abbott&#8217;s comments speak to the heart of gender issues, but it also hint at a broader issue that we need to begin to address; that is, what \u2018ANZAC\u2019 represents and how we want to remember war and conflict. These themes are central to broader feminist and masculinist debates, but also fundamental to our understanding of what New Zealand and Australia stand for today.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When Prime Minister Tony Abbott opened the Australian memorial at New Zealand&#8217;s Pukeahu National War Memorial Park, he declared that New Zealand defence force personnel deploying to Iraq would be \u2018splendid sons of ANZAC\u2019. In &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":321,"featured_media":20189,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[44,886,73,369,132,310],"class_list":["post-20179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-australian-defence-force","tag-anzac","tag-new-zealand","tag-nzdf","tag-tony-abbott","tag-women-in-combat"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The \u2018sons\u2014and daughters\u2014of ANZAC\u2019? | The Strategist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/the-sons-and-daughters-of-anzac\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The \u2018sons\u2014and daughters\u2014of ANZAC\u2019? | The Strategist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When Prime Minister Tony Abbott opened the Australian memorial at New Zealand&#8217;s Pukeahu National War Memorial Park, he declared that New Zealand defence force personnel deploying to Iraq would be \u2018splendid sons of ANZAC\u2019. 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