{"id":26468,"date":"2016-05-09T06:00:03","date_gmt":"2016-05-08T20:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=26468"},"modified":"2016-05-09T09:18:18","modified_gmt":"2016-05-08T23:18:18","slug":"oz-media-and-the-wrong-lessons-of-afghanistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/oz-media-and-the-wrong-lessons-of-afghanistan\/","title":{"rendered":"Oz media and the wrong lessons of Afghanistan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-26488\" title=\"Image courtesy of Pixabay\" src=\"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/press-899477_1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/press-899477_1920.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/press-899477_1920-205x137.jpg 205w, https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/press-899477_1920-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/press-899477_1920-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/press-899477_1920-332x221.jpg 332w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>On 6 September, 2001, a bunch of journalists and military officers met at the National Press Club in Canberra to discuss why the military and media don\u2019t get along.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Australian Defence Force had media problems and wanted to talk to hacks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The meeting launched \u2018an ad hoc working group discussing military-media relations during ADF operations.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We hacks assembled under the umbrella of the C.E.W. Bean Foundation. The military were from Defence Public Relations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The media shambles of East Timor in 1999 was a wakeup call for Defence. Hacks had turned up in Dili from all over the world. Suddenly Defence discovered it didn\u2019t have a system for Oz journos, much less all the other hacks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 6 September minutes summarised the hack view:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018There were lessons learned by the media during the East Timor operation, with only limited access available to ADF assets. Arrangements were ad hoc at best and often badly organised.\u2019<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Defence response:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018Defence acknowledges that it is at a cross roads in its operational relationship with media. Defence also acknowledges that its existing policies as applied during East Timor are in need of overhaul with many lessons being learnt&#8230; Defence acknowledges that it has not embedded media arrangements into its current operational doctrine with existing policy dating back to the late 1980s.\u2019<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defence promised \u2018a major overhaul of its operational arrangements for working with media\u2019 within 12 months, covering:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">survival training for hacks;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a new media accreditation process for operations; and,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">new \u2018cooperative arrangements for the handling of information in the field.\u2019<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fifteen years later, it\u2019s still a useful \u2018to do\u2019 list.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The working group laboured for a year. Good people in Defence pushed. The hacks leaned in. Big events overwhelmed the effort.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Five days after that first meeting at the Press Club, the planes hit the towers in New York and the Pentagon in Washington.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The terrorism decade dawned.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afghanistan happened and then Iraq. What didn\u2019t happen was a rethink of the way Defence deals with media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead, the control on ADF information out of Afghanistan was \u2018draconian\u2019. Those controls were imposed and policed from Canberra by Defence and the Minister\u2019s office.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u2018draconian\u2019 view is from an ADF commander in the Middle East. The quote is in this column describing Defence media policy as<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/oz-military-media-policy-shut-em-out-shut-em-up\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">shut \u2018em up or shut \u2018em out.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The stated reasons for secrecy and control are to protect lives and operations. The unstated reasons are political advantage, embarrassment protection and a diet of government-approved messages.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Come down the chain of command to get the Afghanistan perspective of Andrew Bird, who served as a media adviser and left the Army after eight years with the rank of Major. Bird told<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.theage.com.au\/national\/insider-reveals-how-defence-massages-message-20100211-nv3z.html\" target=\"_blank\"> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Age<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018The way that we communicated is all government-centric. It just relayed the Minister\u2019s and Prime Minister\u2019s message, reinforcing the government\u2019s message. Every image we took, every interview we did and every bit of vision \u2026 was to support the government\u2019s view.\u2019<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Australians weren\u2019t told what their troops experienced. Former Chief of Army,<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/comment\/australian-armys-afghanistan-experience-finally-revealed-in-documentary-20160221-gmzumr.html\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peter Leahy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018Apart from occasional glimpses of their work, centred around big battles and visiting politicians, we didn&#8217;t see much of what the Diggers were doing. Along with Iraq, Afghanistan must be one of the most little reported wars in Australia&#8217;s military history. The military, the government and the media can share the blame. They might argue over who was most at fault, but the end result is that a substantial slab of the Australian Army&#8217;s history has not been told.\u2019<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In response,<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.theage.com.au\/comment\/documentary-afghanistan-inside-australias-war-does-not-tell-the-full-story-20160224-gn32r2.html\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thom Cookes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> wrote it was disingenuous to lament Afghanistan\u2019s untold story when the ADF kept journalists away:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018The ADF&#8217;s public relations bureaucracy is so risk averse that getting even the most basic information on what was happening in Afghanistan often proved to be impossible. Simply confirming information we already knew either took months, or was deemed to be a &#8220;breach of operational security&#8221;. Many of the most enterprising Australian journalists went straight to the Dutch and US forces, who were far more candid and confident in their dealings with the media.\u2019<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the \u2018ad hoc\u2019 talking started in 2001, it wasn\u2019t until 2009 that the ADF even trialled a journalist embed system in Afghanistan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a study of the ADF\u2019s approach to embedding journalists\u2014aptly titled<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.army.gov.au\/Our-future\/LWSC\/Our-publications\/Working-Papers\/~\/media\/Files\/Our%20future\/LWSC%20Publications\/WP\/pdfs\/wp141-Herding%20Cats_Jason%20Logue.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018Herding Cats\u2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014Lieutenant Colonel Jason Logue commented that the Australian deployment to Afghanistan in 2001 and in the Middle East from 2003 \u2018highlighted the ADF\u2019s lack of capacity and intent to effectively support the media in areas of operation that were far from home.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reflecting on Army service in Afghanistan,<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.penguin.com.au\/products\/9781863956390\/anzac-s-long-shadow-cost-our-national-obsession\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James Brown<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> wrote that a vacuum of information and understanding was created by a Defence culture unwilling to engage with the media and a political culture obsessed with controlling the media cycle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The only narrative the Australian public received, Brown argued, was the return of the bodies of dead soldiers. No surprise, then, that popular support for the mission evaporated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By 2013, the Lowy Institute<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/lowyinstitute.org\/publications\/lowy-institute-poll-2013\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">opinion survey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found a majority of Australians (61%) considered that the Afghanistan war was \u2018not worth fighting\u2019. Only 35% said the war was worthwhile.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The shut-up\/shut-out instincts of Defence (and its political masters) triumphed in Afghanistan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many officers were deeply frustrated by draconian controls. But back in Canberra, Defence and the Minister were satisfied. So, game won, then? As media strategy, this worked. Defence just needs to repeat the recipe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Such a conclusion would misunderstand Afghanistan\u2019s lessons. Shut-up\/shut-out made Canberra comfortable but failed to convince Australia. Control triumphed over communication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than hacks were unhappy. Defence\u2019s policy eroded popular support. Australians embraced the Diggers while hating a mission they knew little about.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Australia\u2019s longest war would always be unpopular. Yet unlike Vietnam, both sides of Oz politics remained committed throughout. The politicians argued the cause while Defence stifled the facts. In this game, silence ain\u2019t golden\u2014it\u2019s a vacuum.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The communications\/media failures in Afghanistan are a case study in how to create a vacuum. This history offers many lessons.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defence today isn\u2019t prepared for the great digital disruption and a Media Age consuming the old media verities\u2014it\u2019s almost as unprepared as it was back in September, 2001.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On 6 September, 2001, a bunch of journalists and military officers met at the National Press Club in Canberra to discuss why the military and media don\u2019t get along. The Australian Defence Force had media &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":26488,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[44,43,38,730],"class_list":["post-26468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-australian-defence-force","tag-afghanistan","tag-department-of-defence","tag-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Oz media and the wrong lessons of Afghanistan | The Strategist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/oz-media-and-the-wrong-lessons-of-afghanistan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oz media and the wrong lessons of Afghanistan | The Strategist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On 6 September, 2001, a bunch of journalists and military officers met at the National Press Club in Canberra to discuss why the military and media don\u2019t get along. 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