{"id":26571,"date":"2016-05-12T13:27:55","date_gmt":"2016-05-12T03:27:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=26571"},"modified":"2016-05-13T12:22:23","modified_gmt":"2016-05-13T02:22:23","slug":"combatting-islamic-state-the-impact-of-high-value-targeting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/combatting-islamic-state-the-impact-of-high-value-targeting\/","title":{"rendered":"Combatting Islamic State: the impact of high-value targeting"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/span><\/p>\n Last week\u2019s confirmation that Australian Islamic State member, Neil Prakash, had been killed in a US air strike has been greeted as a<\/span> cause for optimism<\/span><\/a> in the war against the terrorist group.<\/span><\/p>\n But what\u2019s the real impact of removing a person like Prakash? And what role, if any, should high-value targeting have in conflict scenarios and the broader fight against terrorism?<\/span><\/p>\n Prakash was significant both to Australia and Islamic State for a number of reasons.<\/span><\/p>\n He was the most high-profile Australian foreign fighter in the Middle East. Other well-known Australians have either died, including Mohamed Elomar and \u2018Ginger Jihadi\u2019 Abdullah Elmir, or, as in the case of Khaled Sharrouf, have maintained a<\/span> low-profile<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n Prakash also became an active recruiter for Islamic State, focused particularly on sourcing potential Australians fighters and supporters. Based in Syria, he had largely taken on the lead recruiting role after<\/span>\u00a0Mohamed Ali Baryalei<\/span><\/a>\u00a0death in October 2014.<\/span><\/p>\n Finally, Prakash reached out to inspire and plan terrorist acts in Australia, most recently the<\/span> Anzac Day plot<\/span><\/a> that was disrupted only days before his death in Mosul. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Prakash was a Australian living and operating beyond the reach of Australia\u2019s laws. Domestic legal measures\u2014like control orders, passport cancellation, citizenship renunciation\u2014were either irrelevant or largely ineffectual in the combat zone he had lived in for the past three years. \u00a0But his actions fighting in a war, and his allegiance to Islamic State meant he was an enemy combatant in a military action recognised under international law. He died as a combatant. <\/span><\/p>\n Prakash\u2019s death is also significant in that it\u2019s an indicator of the ongoing military degradation of Islamic State\u2019s fighting forces in Iraq and Syria.<\/span><\/p>\n From the heady days of al Baghdadi\u2019s<\/span> declaration of a caliphate<\/span><\/a> in June 2014 followed by a year of offensives leading to effective control over key cities, population and territory in Iraq and Syria, the erstwhile IS government has lost<\/span> almost half of the area<\/span><\/a> it controlled, and much of its other resources. As high-value targets like Prakash and<\/span> Abu Wahib<\/span><\/a> (also killed in a US strike this week) are removed from the battlefield, Islamic State\u2019s leadership and capability are weakened.<\/span><\/p>\n Military defeat at every turn, territory and resources eking away, leadership being slowly dismantled. In a conventional military conflict, such developments would spell the enemy\u2019s demise. But Islamic State is an insurgent group with a strong cultural and ideational base, rather than a conventional and state-based military force.<\/span><\/p>\n The group\u2019s ability to recover from these leadership losses depends on the particular roles they performed. It might take some time to find a replacement for Prakash\u2019s network into Australia, but there are many involved in recruitment and plotting who will keep the online activity going.<\/span><\/p>\n As we saw with the<\/span> video of the Ginger Jihadi<\/span><\/a>, the social media propaganda machine can easily produce imagery of another Australian to engage supporters here, regardless of the individual\u2019s ability.<\/span><\/p>\n And as<\/span> Musa Cerantonio<\/span><\/a> and others have demonstrated, in the online environment of contemporary violent extremists, you don\u2019t need to be anywhere near the fighting or the caliphate to inspire and recruit others to the cause.<\/span><\/p>\n Similarly, the death of Abu Wahib will detract from Islamic State\u2019s tactical capability in Anbar province, where he was leading the insurgent group. And Anbar is one of the key areas of focus for the next stage of the US-led coalition\u2019s campaign. But the group has demonstrated previously that it has others to fill vacant roles.<\/span><\/p>\n Attacking high-value targets plays an important role in the overall military campaign. Despite the best efforts of Islamic State\u2019s online propaganda machine, such defeats are impacting its supporters. The allure of the caliphate has worn off for many would-be foreign fighters:<\/span> recruitment is down an estimated 90%<\/span><\/a> from a year ago with an average of 200 a month now heading for the conflict zone compared with 1,500 to 2,000 per month in early 2015.<\/span><\/p>\n