{"id":30929,"date":"2017-03-16T11:00:56","date_gmt":"2017-03-16T00:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=30929"},"modified":"2017-03-24T15:21:32","modified_gmt":"2017-03-24T04:21:32","slug":"wps-agenda-must-also-responsive-natural-disasters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wps-agenda-must-also-responsive-natural-disasters\/","title":{"rendered":"The WPS agenda must also be responsive to natural disasters"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-30930 size-full\" title=\"Image courtesy of the Department of Defence.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/20150320raaf8540638_0058-e1489552472114.jpg\" alt=\"Image courtesy of the Department of Defence.\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>This article is part of a series on \u2018Women, Peace and Security\u2019 that <\/em>The Strategist<em>\u00a0is publishing\u00a0in recognition of International Women\u2019s Day 2017.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>When Foreign Minister, Julie Bishop, and her Labor counterpart, Penny Wong, visited Samoa, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu in December, emergency response was at the forefront of the agenda. Disaster response is a key priority of regional humanitarian action; most <a href=\"http:\/\/dfat.gov.au\/aid\/topics\/investment-priorities\/building-resilience\/humanitarian-preparedness-and-response\/Pages\/humanitarian-prepraredness-and-response.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">crises in the Indo-Pacific<\/a> were the result of natural disasters, and from 2005-2014 natural disasters affected <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/0B9AqTbpsu1gTSmpFc2d0U0lpeFk\/view?pli=1\" target=\"_blank\">1.4 billion people<\/a> in the Asia Pacific region, 80% of the global total.<\/p>\n<p>But there is another key statistic here: <a href=\"https:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/5-reasons-natural-disasters-are-worse-for-women-60fcf429b111#.b7cnv2ofg\" target=\"_blank\">the impact on women<\/a>. Women are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/national\/women-more-likely-to-die-in-natural-disasters-20151120-gl420j.html\" target=\"_blank\">more likely to die<\/a> during disasters, and incidence of sexual and gender-based violence <a href=\"https:\/\/consultations.worldhumanitariansummit.org\/bitcache\/a013ad0b3de01c192588653dd4138280fbdcbc69?vid=575816&amp;disposition=inline&amp;op=view\" target=\"_blank\">spikes in post-disaster settings<\/a>. So any strategy for women, peace and security (WPS) in the region must incorporate humanitarian response.<\/p>\n<p>WPS is founded in UNSC Resolution 1325 and targets the disproportionate and unique harm suffered by women and girls during and after times of conflict. Australia formalised its commitment to Resolution 1325 and its subsequent resolutions\u2014collectively the WPS Agenda\u2014through the establishment of a WPS National Action Plan (NAP) in 2012. (Read Susan Hutchinson\u2019s assessment of the first NAP <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/australias-efforts-women-peace-security-require-360-degree-monitoring\/\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>). The <a href=\"http:\/\/peacewomen.org\/sites\/default\/files\/UNW-GLOBAL-STUDY-1325-2015%20(1).pdf\" target=\"_blank\">2015 UN global study<\/a> on the implementation of UNSCR 1325 identified women\u2019s vulnerability in humanitarian-settings as an emerging theme in WPS. Recognising that \u2018principles of gender equality in humanitarian assistance are not limited to conflict-affected settings but equally relevant to natural disasters\u2019, the study provided the impetus to expand WPS beyond the traditional parameters of armed-conflict. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dpmc.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/nap-interim-review-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Interim Review<\/a> of Australia\u2019s NAP raised the possibility of expanding WPS action to include humanitarian response.<\/p>\n<p>Disaster relief should be treated as a WPS issue for two reasons.<\/p>\n<p>First, the disruption caused by natural disasters is analogous to armed conflict, and the security issues facing women in the two contexts overlap, because:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the breakdown of rule of law exposes women to increased violence, including gender-based violence<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the destruction of key protective infrastructure like homes, police stations and shelters leaves women vulnerable to exploitation and abuse, including human trafficking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">food and water shortages force women and girls to travel further and in less secure circumstances to gather basic resources and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the disruption of essential services, especially reproductive and maternal services, threatens women\u2019s health.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Second, there\u2019s a growing movement toward a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acmc.gov.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/Gendered-Crises-Gendered-Responses.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">gendered approach to disaster relief<\/a>. In 2012, the UN Commission on the Status of Women adopted <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wcdrr.org\/wcdrr-data\/uploads\/854\/Commission%20on%20the%20Status%20of%20Women_56th%20session.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">resolution 56\/2<\/a>, which highlights the disproportionate impact of natural disasters on women, and the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unisdr.org\/files\/48152_disasterandgenderstatistics.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">social and economic<\/a> factors that underscore women\u2019s vulnerability. In March this year Australia co-hosted the high-level event \u2018Achieving Gender Equality and Women\u2019s Empowerment in Humanitarian Action through the World Humanitarian Summit\u2019. Ensuring that humanitarian programming is gender responsive was one of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.agendaforhumanity.org\/aboutthecommitments\" target=\"_blank\">32 core commitments<\/a> developed ahead of the Summit. That attention has inspired a wealth of policy papers on improving gender awareness in humanitarian response in the Asia Pacific (see <a href=\"http:\/\/apwld.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Climate-change-Natural-disasters-Conflict.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.undp.org\/content\/dam\/undp\/library\/gender\/Gender%20and%20Environment\/PB3-AP-Gender-and-disaster-risk-reduction.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/reliefweb.int\/sites\/reliefweb.int\/files\/resources\/integrating_gender_into_humanitarian_action-good_practices_from_asia_pacific_3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>). The Australian Civil Military Centre has published a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acmc.gov.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/09\/Gendered-Crises-Gendered-Responses.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">comprehensive paper<\/a> on incorporating gender issues into Australia\u2019s natural disaster response.<\/p>\n<p>The two agendas are mutually reinforcing. They both promote a gendered approach to peace and security during and, after a violent disruption, many of the prescribed relief efforts in disaster and armed conflict are convergent.<\/p>\n<p>In the field, Australia\u2019s Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) effort following Cyclone Winston, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.australiandefence.com.au\/news\/operation-fiji-assist-widens-lhd-deployed\" target=\"_blank\">Operation Fiji Assist<\/a>, is a prime example of the benefits of incorporating the WPS agenda into civil-military operations, including disaster response. A military gender adviser was included as part of the deployment of about 650 ADF personnel, to advise the Joint Task Force headquarters on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.doncio.navy.mil\/CHIPS\/ArticleDetails.aspx?ID=8114\" target=\"_blank\">incorporating WPS considerations<\/a> into planning. <a href=\"http:\/\/news.navy.gov.au\/en\/Mar2016\/Operations\/2802\/Donations-directly-support-Fijian-women.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Aid donations<\/a> from ADF personnel were targeted at women and girls, including items such as sanitary products, nappies and school books.<\/p>\n<p>Australia is a <a href=\"http:\/\/dfat.gov.au\/aid\/topics\/investment-priorities\/building-resilience\/humanitarian-preparedness-and-response\/Pages\/humanitarian-prepraredness-and-response.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">prominent contributor<\/a> to disaster relief. In the past two years, the government provided humanitarian assistance to regional neighbours including <a href=\"http:\/\/foreignminister.gov.au\/releases\/Pages\/2016\/jb_mr_161210.aspx?w=tb1CaGpkPX%2FlS0K%2Bg9ZKEg%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\">Indonesia<\/a> (Aceh earthquake), <a href=\"http:\/\/foreignminister.gov.au\/releases\/Pages\/2015\/jb_mr_150523.aspx?w=tb1CaGpkPX%2FlS0K%2Bg9ZKEg%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\">Vanuatu<\/a> (Cyclone Pam), <a href=\"http:\/\/foreignminister.gov.au\/releases\/Pages\/2015\/jb_mr_150102.aspx?w=tb1CaGpkPX%2FlS0K%2Bg9ZKEg%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\">the Philippines<\/a> (Typhoon Melor) and Fiji (Cyclone Winston). From July 2015 to April 2016 alone, Australia <a href=\"http:\/\/dfat.gov.au\/aid\/topics\/investment-priorities\/building-resilience\/humanitarian-preparedness-and-response\/Pages\/humanitarian-prepraredness-and-response.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">responded to 20 crises<\/a>. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.defence.gov.au\/whitepaper\/Docs\/2016-Defence-White-Paper.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">2016 Defence White Paper<\/a> (DWP) noted that humanitarian disasters have the potential to cause instability in our immediate region. It\u2019s in Australia\u2019s national interest to maintain a leading role in the Indo-Pacific to support humanitarian and disaster relief operations. Integrating gender perspectives into those operations will be essential to their overall effectiveness.<\/p>\n<p>When it comes to including women\u2019s security in natural disasters, some of the policy guidance is already there. Gender equality and women\u2019s empowerment is a thematic priority of DFAT\u2019s 2016 <a href=\"http:\/\/dfat.gov.au\/about-us\/publications\/Documents\/dfat-humanitarian-strategy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Humanitarian Strategy<\/a>, and the DWP affirms the ADF\u2019s ongoing support for WPS. Within the next two years DFAT will develop a new <a href=\"http:\/\/dfat.gov.au\/whitepaper\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Foreign Policy White Paper<\/a> and commence work on the second NAP on WPS. These are real opportunities to improve WPS outcomes where natural disasters occur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article is part of a series on \u2018Women, Peace and Security\u2019 that The Strategist\u00a0is publishing\u00a0in recognition of International Women\u2019s Day 2017. When Foreign Minister, Julie Bishop, and her Labor counterpart, Penny Wong, visited Samoa, &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":548,"featured_media":30930,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[306,63,99,1002,1868],"class_list":["post-30929","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-disaster-relief","tag-hadr","tag-south-pacific","tag-women","tag-wps"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The WPS agenda must also be responsive to natural disasters | The Strategist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wps-agenda-must-also-responsive-natural-disasters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The WPS agenda must also be responsive to natural disasters | The Strategist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This article is part of a series on \u2018Women, Peace and Security\u2019 that The Strategist\u00a0is publishing\u00a0in recognition of International Women\u2019s Day 2017. 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