{"id":44351,"date":"2018-12-11T11:00:05","date_gmt":"2018-12-11T00:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=44351"},"modified":"2018-12-11T10:50:11","modified_gmt":"2018-12-10T23:50:11","slug":"will-religious-sectarianism-change-indonesian-foreign-policy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/will-religious-sectarianism-change-indonesian-foreign-policy\/","title":{"rendered":"Will religious sectarianism change Indonesian foreign policy?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1112indoprotest.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-44354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1112indoprotest.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1112indoprotest-205x154.jpg 205w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Earlier this month, Islamist groups held a major rally in Jakarta to call on Muslims to<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thejakartapost.com\/news\/2018\/12\/02\/anti-ahok-protesters-opposition-camp-mark-212-rally-anniversary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Earlier this month, Islamist groups held a major rally in Jakarta to call on Muslims to shun political parties and candidates that had backed the now-imprisoned former Jakarta governor Basuki Tjahja Purnama, or Ahok. The rally was yet another reminder that religious sectarianism still looms large over Indonesia\u2019s presidential race. (opens in a new tab)\"> shun political parties<\/a> and candidates that had backed the now-imprisoned former Jakarta governor Basuki Tjahja Purnama, or Ahok. The rally was yet another reminder that religious sectarianism still looms large over Indonesia\u2019s presidential race.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we head into the final five months before the election, it\u2019s worth asking whether religious sectarianism will also shape Indonesian foreign policy after the victor is declared.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Presidential contender Prabowo Subianto found himself in<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Presidential contender Prabowo Subianto found himself in hot water at home last month for implying that he had no problem with Australia\u2019s mooted plan to move its embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. President Joko Widodo\u2019s running mate, Ma\u2019aruf Amin, also recently suggested that Indonesia\u2019s \u2018middle way\u2019 Islam (wasatiyyah Islam)\u2014characterised by neither liberal nor radical religious thought\u2014should be promoted internationally. (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.tempo.co\/read\/news\/2018\/11\/23\/055923685\/DPR-Slams-Prabowos-Comment-on-Australian-Embassy-Move\" target=\"_blank\"> hot water<\/a> at home last month for implying that he had no problem with Australia\u2019s mooted plan to move its embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. President Joko Widodo\u2019s running mate, Ma\u2019aruf Amin, also recently suggested that Indonesia\u2019s<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsis.edu.sg\/rsis-publication\/rsis\/emergence-of-wasatiyyah-islam-promoting-middle-way-islam-and-socio-economic-equality-in-indonesia\/#.XAbIsy2ZM1g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Presidential contender Prabowo Subianto found himself in hot water at home last month for implying that he had no problem with Australia\u2019s mooted plan to move its embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. President Joko Widodo\u2019s running mate, Ma\u2019aruf Amin, also recently suggested that Indonesia\u2019s \u2018middle way\u2019 Islam (wasatiyyah Islam)\u2014characterised by neither liberal nor radical religious thought\u2014should be promoted internationally. (opens in a new tab)\"> \u2018middle way\u2019 Islam<\/a> (<em>wasatiyyah Islam<\/em>)\u2014characterised by neither liberal nor radical religious thought\u2014should be promoted internationally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But there\u2019s been no call for an explicitly \u2018Islamic\u2019 foreign policy\u2014where religious considerations dominate policy processes and goals\u2014in the campaign platform of either presidential candidate. If anything, the two camps both<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thejakartapost.com\/news\/2018\/11\/22\/candidates-share-common-visions-differ-wording.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"But there\u2019s been no call for an explicitly \u2018Islamic\u2019 foreign policy\u2014where religious considerations dominate policy processes and goals\u2014in the campaign platform of either presidential candidate. If anything, the two camps both reiterate the fundamental tenets of Indonesia\u2019s \u2018independent and active\u2019 foreign policy. The difference between the two lies in how they intend to implement it. (opens in a new tab)\"> reiterate<\/a> the fundamental tenets of Indonesia\u2019s \u2018independent and active\u2019 foreign policy. The difference between the two lies in how they intend to implement it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prabowo\u2019s foreign policy platform is currently underdeveloped. He plans to restore Indonesian leadership and the country\u2019s role on the international stage, assist in Palestinian independence efforts, accelerate negotiations over maritime boundaries, improve protection of Indonesians overseas and involve the country\u2019s diaspora in advancing the national interest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But these promises are offered without any elaboration, which is hardly surprising. During his first run against Jokowi in 2014, Prabowo stated that his foreign policy would simply continue the policies of former president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the incumbent, Jokowi\u2019s foreign policy platform is more concrete, but it is underwhelming in its vision and riddled with jargon. He calls for strengthening Indonesian leadership in multilateral forums from ASEAN to the United Nations, and for boosting the country\u2019s position as an archipelagic state and maritime fulcrum between the Indian and Pacific oceans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The platform also lists pre-existing initiatives\u2014from maritime to humanitarian and culinary diplomacy\u2014and focuses on low-hanging fruit such as protection of citizens and economic cooperation. But there\u2019s hardly any mention of Indonesia\u2019s global role through the G20, middle-power diplomacy, or democratic values projection that characterised the Yudhoyono era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Significantly, the platform also includes the Palestine issue along with the call to promote Indonesia\u2019s \u2018middle way\u2019 Islam. While that won\u2019t transform the country\u2019s foreign policy, it gives a nod to the growing complexities of domestic religious sectarianism that both Jokowi and Prabowo have had to navigate recently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regardless of who wins the election, the foreign ministry as the executor of the president\u2019s agenda may not be able to escape the reality that some domestic Islamic groups might try to influence parts of Indonesia\u2019s foreign policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is precedent, after all, for such involvement. In the mid- to late 2000s, the foreign ministry under Hassan Wirajuda engaged key Islamic groups like Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama to promote Indonesia\u2019s \u2018bridge building\u2019 role between \u2018the West and the rest\u2019 through global interreligious dialogues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One study<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"One study notes that promoting some Islamic groups that toe the state\u2019s line in foreign policy denies credence to other more radical groups as the \u2018voice\u2019 of Indonesian Islam. Policymakers considered that approach useful when the domestic debate over moderate and radical Islam polarised after the 2002 Bali bombings. Similar debates have now returned in the wake of the banning of Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia and the downfall of Ahok. (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Transnational_Islamic_Actors_and_Indones.html?id=mcI0CwAAQBAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\"> notes<\/a> that promoting some Islamic groups that toe the state\u2019s line in foreign policy denies credence to other more radical groups as the \u2018voice\u2019 of Indonesian Islam. Policymakers considered that approach useful when the domestic debate over moderate and radical Islam polarised after the 2002 Bali bombings. Similar debates have now returned in the wake of the banning of<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"One study notes that promoting some Islamic groups that toe the state\u2019s line in foreign policy denies credence to other more radical groups as the \u2018voice\u2019 of Indonesian Islam. Policymakers considered that approach useful when the domestic debate over moderate and radical Islam polarised after the 2002 Bali bombings. Similar debates have now returned in the wake of the banning of Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia and the downfall of Ahok. (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/asia_pacific\/rise-of-hard-line-islamist-groups-alarms-moderate-indonesian-muslims\/2017\/05\/05\/0175c7e6-2f77-11e7-a335-fa0ae1940305_story.html?utm_term=.cbcb1024607c\" target=\"_blank\"> Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia<\/a> and the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theaustralian.com.au\/news\/world\/moderate-islam-at-stake-in-jakarta-in-ahoks-blasphemy-case\/news-story\/93218c298c8a23ee0656ad8358f9278e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"One study notes that promoting some Islamic groups that toe the state\u2019s line in foreign policy denies credence to other more radical groups as the \u2018voice\u2019 of Indonesian Islam. Policymakers considered that approach useful when the domestic debate over moderate and radical Islam polarised after the 2002 Bali bombings. Similar debates have now returned in the wake of the banning of Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia and the downfall of Ahok. (opens in a new tab)\"> downfall<\/a> of Ahok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Palestine could be one issue that the foreign ministry could use to engage domestic Islamic groups. The ministry has sought to raise Palestine in various platforms over the past year and was reportedly<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/world\/asia\/payne-retno-to-meet-after-slap-to-indonesia-s-face-over-embassy-20181205-p50kbm.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Palestine could be one issue that the foreign ministry could use to engage domestic Islamic groups. The ministry has sought to raise Palestine in various platforms over the past year and was reportedly holding back on signing the bilateral free trade deal with Australia over its Israeli embassy review. (opens in a new tab)\"> holding back on signing<\/a> the bilateral free trade deal with Australia over its Israeli embassy review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Global interreligious dialogues are another way to engage domestic religious groups on foreign policy. The ministry\u2019s 2014\u20132019 strategic planning document mentions interreligious dialogues as one of Indonesia\u2019s soft-power platforms but doesn\u2019t provide any specific plan of action. The attempts to facilitate the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/a\/indonesia-to-host-trilateral-afghan-peace-meeting\/4378410.html\"> Afghan peace talks<\/a> and the \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kemlu.go.id\/en\/berita\/berita-perwakilan\/Pages\/Indonesia,%20Kuwait%20and%20World%20Muslim%20Scholars%20Discussing%20Wasatiyat%20Islam%20in%20Bogor.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Global interreligious dialogues are another way to engage domestic religious groups on foreign policy. The ministry\u2019s 2014\u20132019 strategic planning document mentions interreligious dialogues as one of Indonesia\u2019s soft-power platforms but doesn\u2019t provide any specific plan of action. The attempts to facilitate the Afghan peace talks and the \u2018World Muslim Scholars\u2019 high-level consultation (both held in May 2018) show how the model might be expanded. (opens in a new tab)\">World Muslim Scholars<\/a>\u2019 high-level consultation (both held in May 2018) show how the model might be expanded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While Palestine could still be a sensitive pressure point and Indonesia might push for more interreligious dialogues, its foreign policy is unlikely to be driven just by religious concerns. An \u2018independent and active\u2019 stance and faith in multilateral institutions will continue to underpin Indonesian foreign policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the changing domestic political landscape means that the foreign policy establishment in Jakarta might have to spend more time looking inward that outward. An inward-looking Indonesian foreign policy isn\u2019t going to provide the best response to the growing strategic flux in the Indo-Pacific.<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Earlier this month, Islamist groups held a major rally in Jakarta to call on Muslims to shun political parties and candidates that had backed the now-imprisoned former Jakarta governor Basuki Tjahja Purnama, or Ahok. The &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":225,"featured_media":44354,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[285,8,377,864],"class_list":["post-44351","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-foreign-policy","tag-indonesia","tag-joko-widodo","tag-prabowo-subianto"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Will religious sectarianism change Indonesian foreign policy? | The Strategist<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/will-religious-sectarianism-change-indonesian-foreign-policy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Will religious sectarianism change Indonesian foreign policy? | The Strategist\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Earlier this month, Islamist groups held a major rally in Jakarta to call on Muslims to shun political parties and candidates that had backed the now-imprisoned former Jakarta governor Basuki Tjahja Purnama, or Ahok. 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