{"id":61208,"date":"2020-12-10T11:30:44","date_gmt":"2020-12-10T00:30:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=61208"},"modified":"2020-12-12T06:05:38","modified_gmt":"2020-12-11T19:05:38","slug":"merkels-last-chance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/merkels-last-chance\/","title":{"rendered":"Merkel\u2019s last chance"},"content":{"rendered":"
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This week\u2019s meeting of the European Council has rightly been called a \u2018doomsday summit<\/a>\u2019. It is overshadowed not just by a ghastly winter wave of Covid-19 infections and the prospect of a chaotic no-deal Brexit, but also by a showdown with the governments of Hungary and Poland, which have taken hundreds of millions of people hostage by threatening to veto the European Union\u2019s 2021\u201327 budget and the pandemic recovery fund.<\/p>\n

Hungary and Poland are trying to block the enactment of a new \u2018rule of law\u2019 mechanism that would prevent EU money from being siphoned off for corrupt purposes\u2014a practice for which Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban\u2019s kleptocratic regime is notorious<\/a>. As the longest-serving head of government in the EU, German Chancellor Angela Merkel has stepped in to try to break the impasse, calling<\/a> on \u2018all sides\u2019 to prepare \u2018to compromise to some extent\u2019.<\/p>\n

But why should the EU compromise on a fundamental value like the rule of law (which is enshrined in the Lisbon Treaty), and why should EU taxpayers consent to having their hard-earned euros enrich authoritarians and their cronies? Rather than trusting Merkel to broker a deal, Europeans should remind her that this is her last chance to prove that she really cares about democracy and the rule of law.<\/p>\n

After all, it was Merkel\u2019s own Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and its Bavarian sister party, the Christian Social Union, that enabled Orban to create his autocracy in the first place. And it is her pick for the European Commission presidency, Ursula von der Leyen, who has failed<\/a> to protect the independence of the Polish judiciary from the country\u2019s chauvinistic, populist and increasingly defiant Law and Justice (PiS) party government.<\/p>\n

Europe\u2019s simmering \u2018rule-of-law crisis\u2019 has always seemed more abstract and less urgent than other challenges during Merkel\u2019s long reign, which has spanned the euro crisis, the 2015 refugee crisis and now Covid-19. Yet it is the former issue that most threatens the EU\u2019s moral core\u2014and its day-to-day operations.<\/p>\n

While the EU is often caricatured as a distant and aloof super-state, it works closely with and through its members to implement EU policy. Even more to the point, the EU functions primarily as a legal community in which national courts double as European courts. This arrangement cannot work without mutual trust because it depends on national courts recognising the decisions of other member states\u2019 courts. If a judiciary has been captured by an authoritarian government that is targeting politically unreliable judges<\/a> (as in Poland), other courts cannot be expected to recognise its arbitrary rulings.<\/p>\n

The European Commission is supposed to be the \u2018guardian of the treaties<\/a>\u2019\u00a0that enshrine fundamental European values. But their enforcement in the face of member states\u2019 violations has usually amounted to too little, too late<\/a>. Even after years of bad-faith conduct by Poland and Hungary, the commission still naively calls for more \u2018dialogue\u2019, which simply allows aspiring autocrats to consolidate their power by co-opting their judiciaries<\/a> and creating other facts on the ground.<\/p>\n

Given the commission\u2019s failure to act, member states have taken matters into their own hands. For example, the European Arrest Warrant is becoming a dead letter, because countries are starting to refuse to extradite anyone to Poland<\/a>, where fair trials can no longer be guaranteed. Just this month, the Netherlands\u2019 parliament called<\/a> on the Dutch government to take Poland to court over its rule-of-law violations, potentially precipitating a bilateral confrontation that never would have been plausible had the commission been doing its job.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, in a recent interview<\/a>, Orban charged Germany with \u2018intellectual indifference\u2019, by which he apparently means an inability to see the larger historical picture and insensitivity to the experiences of smaller member states. Orban has things backwards: where Germany has been indifferent, it has been with respect to the preservation of democracy and the rule of law in Hungary under his rule.<\/p>\n

Germany\u2019s neglect of core European values is best explained by Orban\u2019s faithful service to the German auto industry, creating what critics have called an \u2018Audi-ocracy<\/a>\u2019. To be sure, some members of Merkel\u2019s CDU have long made noises about \u2018red lines\u2019 that Orban must not cross, even occasionally calling for his Fidesz party to be expelled from the supra-national European People\u2019s Party, the umbrella grouping of conservative parties in the European Parliament.<\/p>\n

Orban, however, has never paid a meaningful political or financial price for his behaviour. The result of this appeasement, as astute observers have pointed out<\/a>, is that he now treats his European \u2018partners\u2019 with the same brutality as he does his own country, accusing them of making the EU into something akin to the Soviet Union.<\/p>\n

Merkel has deservedly earned praise for her opposition to outgoing US President Donald Trump\u2019s assaults on shared liberal-democratic values and international institutions, and for her determination in dealing with the pandemic. She has also acted courageously in agreeing to some form of debt mutualisation under the new recovery fund, which is putting the EU on a more robust financial footing.<\/p>\n

But when Merkel steps down next year, she will have left behind no coherent framework to support either the eurozone or Europe\u2019s aspirations of becoming a global \u2018normative power\u2019 capable of promoting democracy and the rule of law. Its advocacy of such values will ring hollow<\/a> as long as it tolerates member states that no longer meet<\/a> democratic criteria.<\/p>\n

Merkel\u2019s legacy would look different if she were to face down Europe\u2019s self-declared illiberals. If she does not, she will have shown that values are negotiable and that the EU is easily blackmailed.<\/p>\n

A German-initiated vote on the rule-of-law mechanism in the Council of the EU would likely be approved<\/a>, because Hungary and Poland cannot block a decision that requires only a qualified majority. After that, it is unlikely that Orban and the PiS government would persist in holding up \u20ac1.8 trillion (A$2.9 trillion) in desperately needed funds.<\/p>\n

Whatever happens, European taxpayers will remember that these governments would rather inflict pain on everyone than receive funds that must be accounted for properly. Orban claims<\/a> that accepting the rule-of-law mechanism would be political \u2018suicide\u2019 for him. Perhaps. But that certainly isn\u2019t Europe\u2019s problem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This week\u2019s meeting of the European Council has rightly been called a \u2018doomsday summit\u2019. 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