{"id":77197,"date":"2022-12-16T13:00:18","date_gmt":"2022-12-16T02:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=77197"},"modified":"2022-12-16T12:55:46","modified_gmt":"2022-12-16T01:55:46","slug":"the-five-domains-update-162","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/the-five-domains-update-162\/","title":{"rendered":"The five-domains update"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/figure>\n

Sea state\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

A new report<\/a> to the US Congress has found that China\u2019s naval modernisation program has substantially improved the capabilities of the People\u2019s Liberation Army Navy. The PLAN is already the largest navy in the world<\/a> in terms of numbers of vessels and it\u2019s expected to expand<\/a> by nearly 40% by 2030. The combined effects of expansion and modernisation will pose a major challenge to the US\u2019s ability to achieve and maintain control in the Western Pacific in the event of a conflict, even as it steps up its strategy of integrated deterrence<\/a> in the region.<\/p>\n

Despite the New Zealand Defence Force promising<\/a> an investment of NZ$90 million to improve the wages of its members over the next four years, a third of the Royal New Zealand Navy fleet has been \u2018indefinitely\u2019 docked<\/a> due to a workforce crisis<\/a> that has left the service without enough sailors to crew the vessels. New Zealand\u2019s navy labour shortage comes at an inopportune time as tensions<\/a> continue to rise between China and the US and its allies in the Pacific.<\/p>\n

Flight path<\/strong><\/p>\n

The US Air Force has revealed the B-21 Raider<\/a>, America\u2019s first new bomber aircraft in more than 30 years. There are currently six in production<\/a>, with plans to build up to 100. Once in service, the stealth bomber will be able to deploy nuclear or conventional weapons in a crewed or uncrewed manner. There has been speculation<\/a> that the bombers could be deployed in Australia or even that Australia might seek to purchase some.<\/p>\n

The United Kingdom, Japan and Italy will be cooperatively developing a sixth-generation fighter jet<\/a>, under a project named the Global Combat Air Programme. The British government<\/a> has announced that the development of the warplane will begin in 2024 and it is expected to be in the air by 2035. Although all three countries are part of the US fifth-generation F-35 fighter program, this new project will see the partners developing the new jet without the assistance of the US.<\/p>\n

Rapid fire<\/strong><\/p>\n

A Brazilian judge has suspended<\/a> the signing of a contract with CIO, an Italian consortium, for the delivery of 98 Centauro II anti-tank armoured vehicles to the Brazilian Army. The decision came in the wake of a lawsuit that argued the US$946 million contract<\/a> could not be justified while the national education and health budgets were being heavily cut. The suspension will force Brazil to continue relying on its 400 ageing EE-9 Cascavels, which are currently being upgraded, as its principal tank-destroyer fleet.<\/p>\n

The US is seeking<\/a> to drastically ramp up monthly production of 155-millimetre artillery shells over the next three years as donations to Ukraine drain its stocks of the ammunition. According to\u00a0Doug Bush<\/a>, the US Army\u2019s assistant secretary for acquisition, technology and logistics, funding is already available to triple<\/a> 155-millimetre shell production by 2025. The tripling of production will allow the army to restore its stocks to beyond pre-Ukraine-conflict levels, improving its readiness for future conflict.<\/p>\n

Final frontier<\/strong><\/p>\n

With the successful splashdown<\/a> of the Orion spacecraft off the coast of Mexico last Sunday, the first stage of the NASA-led Artemis moon exploration program came to a close. While the results of NASA\u2019s post-flight assessment won\u2019t be announced until analysis of the mission\u2019s flight data<\/a> is completed, initial indications are that the mission was a success<\/a>. With greater confidence in the new rocket technology<\/a>, the next stages of the Artemis program are set to be a crewed fly-by<\/a> of the moon in 2024 and a return to the lunar surface<\/a> in 2025.<\/p>\n

Last Friday, China successfully performed its first \u2018hot launch\u2019<\/a> of a Long March rocket from a mobile platform in the Yellow Sea. While China\u2019s previous sea-based launches have used a separate system to launch the rocket<\/a> from the platform before the engines take over (a \u2018cold launch\u2019), this launch was entirely powered by the rocket\u2019s own exhaust. Further use of sea-platform hot launches could provide additional flexibility<\/a> to China\u2019s space industry, taking pressure off the country\u2019s five land-based<\/a> launch sites.<\/p>\n

Wired watchtower<\/strong><\/p>\n

A Chinese-government-backed hacking group known as APT41 raided US government coronavirus relief funds and stole at least US$30 million, the US Secret Service revealed<\/a> last week. APT41 is alleged<\/a> to be a prolific criminal group that has for years conducted cyber intrusions on behalf of the Chinese government while also dabbling in data breaches for personal gain. John Hultquist<\/a>, an intelligence analyst at the cybersecurity firm Mandiant, says the targeting of government relief funds is something he has not seen APT41 do before.<\/p>\n

The Canadian branch of the human rights group Amnesty International says it was a target<\/a> of a sophisticated cyberattack linked to the Chinese government. Amnesty Canada\u2019s secretary-general, Ketty Nivyabandi<\/a>, detailed the hack, saying it was first detected on 5 October and left all email and organisational systems offline for nearly three weeks, causing a \u2018significant impact\u2019 on operations. In a statement<\/a>, Nivyabandi said the cyberattack revealed the \u2018increasingly dangerous context\u2019 that activists, journalists and civil-society organisations must navigate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sea state\u00a0\u00a0 A new report to the US Congress has found that China\u2019s naval modernisation program has substantially improved the capabilities of the People\u2019s Liberation Army Navy. 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