{"id":80493,"date":"2023-06-15T13:30:49","date_gmt":"2023-06-15T03:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/?p=80493"},"modified":"2023-06-15T13:26:04","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T03:26:04","slug":"modi-in-america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aspistrategist.ru\/modi-in-america\/","title":{"rendered":"Modi in America"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/figure>\n

No bilateral relationship has deepened and strengthened more rapidly<\/a> over the past two decades than the one between<\/a> the United States and India. In fact, Narendra Modi\u2019s upcoming visit to the US<\/a> will be his eighth as India\u2019s prime minister, and his second since US President Joe Biden took office. The US has at least as much to gain from the growing closeness as India does.<\/p>\n

India recently overtook<\/a> China in population size, and although its economy remains smaller, it is growing faster. Indeed, India is now the world\u2019s fastest-growing<\/a> major economy\u2014its GDP has already surpassed<\/a> that of the United Kingdom and is on track to overtake that of Germany. India thus represents a major export market for the US, including for weapons<\/a>.<\/p>\n

But commercial opportunities are just the beginning. In an era of sharpening geopolitical competition, the US is seeking partners to help it counter the growing influence\u2014and assertiveness\u2014of China (and its increasingly close ally Russia). India is an obvious partner for its fellow democracies in the West, though what it really represents is a critical \u2018swing state\u2019 in the struggle to shape the future of the Indo-Pacific and the world order more broadly. The US cannot afford for it to swing towards the emerging Russia\u2013China alliance.<\/p>\n

Consider America\u2019s quest to bolster supply-chain resilience through so-called friend-shoring. As Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen has explained<\/a>, India is among the \u2018trusted trading partners\u2019 with which the US is \u2018proactively deepening economic integration\u2019 as it attempts to diversify its trade \u2018away from countries that present geopolitical and security risks\u2019 to its supply chain.<\/p>\n

India is also integral to maintaining peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific. Its military standoff<\/a> with China\u2014now entering its 38th month\u2014is a case in point. By refusing to back down, India is openly challenging Chinese expansionism, while making it more difficult<\/a> for China to make a move on Taiwan. Biden hasn\u2019t commented on the confrontation, but he is certainly paying attention. It\u2019s telling that both Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin and National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan visited New Delhi this month.<\/p>\n

Already, India holds more military exercises<\/a> with the US than any other power, and as of 2020, it had signed<\/a> all four of the \u2018foundational\u2019 agreements that the US maintains with all its allies. This means that the two countries, among other things, provide reciprocal access to each other\u2019s military facilities and share geospatial data from airborne and satellite sensors. Meanwhile, India\u2019s involvement in the Quad\u2014along with the US, Australia and Japan\u2014has lent the grouping much-needed strategic heft<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fortifying the strategic relationship with India is one of the rare issues eliciting bipartisan consensus<\/a> in the US. The latest invitation to Modi to address the US Congress\u2014he is the first Indian leader to do so twice\u2014came from Democratic and Republican leaders alike.<\/p>\n

Nonetheless, plenty of sceptics in the West believe that US efforts to cement strategic ties with India will disappoint. For example, one commentator recently declared that India will never be an ally<\/a> of the US, and another argued that treating India as a key partner won\u2019t help<\/a> the US in its geopolitical competition with China.<\/p>\n

A key concern is India\u2019s commitment to retaining its strategic independence. While India has rarely mentioned non-alignment since Modi came to power, in practice, it has been multi-aligned. As it has deepened its partnerships with democratic powers, it has also maintained its traditionally close relationship with Russia.<\/p>\n

But India\u2019s relationships with the US and Russia seem to be moving in opposite directions. India is building a broad and multifaceted partnership with the US\u2014covering everything<\/a> from cooperation on human spaceflight to the construction of resilient semiconductor supply chains\u2014whereas its relationship with Russia now seems limited almost exclusively to defence and energy.<\/p>\n

Nonetheless, India isn\u2019t prepared to shun Russia, as the West has since the invasion of Ukraine, not least because India still views Russia as a valuable counterweight to China. In India\u2019s view, China and Russia are not natural allies at all, but natural competitors that have been forced together by US policy. A Sino-Russian strategic axis serves neither India\u2019s nor America\u2019s interests, yet, much to India\u2019s frustration, the US appears to have little interest in rethinking its policy.<\/p>\n

This isn\u2019t the only area where India believes that US policy undermines Indian security interests. India also takes issue with America\u2019s insistence on maintaining severe sanctions on Myanmar and Iran, while coddling<\/a> Pakistan, where mass arrests<\/a>, disappearances<\/a> and torture have become the norm. The US is now threatening visa sanctions<\/a> against officials of Bangladesh\u2019s secular government\u2014which is locked in a battle against Islamist forces\u2014if it believes they are undermining elections that are due early next year.<\/p>\n

The US is not accustomed to being challenged by its partners. Its traditional, Cold War\u2013style alliances position the US as the \u2018hub\u2019 and its allies as the \u2018spokes\u2019. But that will never work with India. As the White House\u2019s Asia policy tzar, Kurt Campbell, has acknowledged<\/a>, \u2018India has a unique strategic character\u2019 and \u2018a desire to be an independent, powerful state\u2019. Far from a US client, India \u2018will be another great power\u2019.<\/p>\n

Campbell is right. But that doesn\u2019t mean that the sceptics are also right. While a traditional treaty-based alliance with India wouldn\u2019t work, the kind of soft alliance the US is pursuing, which requires no pact but does include, as Campbell also underlined, \u2018people-to-people ties\u2019 and cooperation on \u2018technology and the like\u2019, can benefit both sides.<\/p>\n

The US and India are united by shared strategic interests, not least in maintaining a rules-based Indo-Pacific free of coercion. As long as China remains on its current course, so will the Indo-American relationship.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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